World War II Chronicle: June 24, 1943
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Connie Mack Jr., Philadelphia A’s bat boy, is pictured on today’s front page sleeping on his famous grandfather’s shoulder during a blackout against the Red Sox. Baseball’s Grand Old Man had three sons: Roy, Earl, and Connie Jr., and this is Roy’s son. I point this out because when searching for Connie Mack Jr., you typically find information on Mack’s youngest son and not his grandson. Perhaps this confusing naming situation is because Roy and Earl did not get along with their half-brother Connie Jr…
Pictured on page three is Sgt. John Basilone, who earned the Medal of Honor on Guadalcanal (story on page five). “Manila John” enlisted in the Army in 1934 and served in the Philippines, where he was a champion boxer. After his service ended he returned home and became a truck driver, but soon joined the Marine Corps. He was presented the Medal of Honor by the 1st Marine Division’s commanding general, Maj. Gen. Alexander Vandegrift, who had already been decorated with the Medal of Honor by President Franklin Roosevelt earlier in the year. Also receiving the nation’s highest award for combat valor in the same ceremony — May 21, 1943 in Balcombe, Australia — is Col. Merritt “Red Mike” Edson, commanding officer of the 1st Raider Battalion and 2nd Lt. Mitchell Paige. Basilone (1st Battalion) and Paige (2nd Battalion) both served in the 2nd Marine Regiment…
Maj. Gen. Gladeon M. Barnes, Chief of Research and Engineering in the Army’s Ordnance Department, says that if the war continues for another two years, we will have advanced weapons far beyond what we use today (see page six). He mentions the anti-tank weapon known as the “bazooka,” which was developed in part from captured German Panzerschreck weapons. He also mentions Nylon, a synthetic silk-like material used in parachutes and tents. Barnes is overseeing development of a secret project that can perform complex calculations, a 27-ton machine called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) — the first programmable digital computer. ENIAC won’t be ready until 1946, but it’s first job will be calculations for a thermonuclear weapon…
George Fielding Eliot column on page 12… Sports section begins on page 20.
Roving Reporter by Ernie Pyle
SOMEWHERE IN AFRICA — Brazzaville is the capital of French Equatorial Africa. It is also the original headquarters of the entire Free French movement throughout the world.
You’d have to search a long time for a more remote spot in which to center a world movement, but at the time France went under there weren’t many French territories left to harbor a renewal of the war against the Germans.
Brazzaville has been mostly just an executive war capital, fighting only with the radio, with plans, with decisions. General de Gaulle has been there a number of times, but no actual movement or concentration of war goods has ever occurred there. It’s just too far away from anywhere.
Brazzaville is on the opposite bank of the Congo River from Leopoldville. The river there is about a mile and a half wide. You cross in a motor launch, which runs every half hour. Natives sit in the front part, and whites in the rear.
Brazzaville is to Leo what West Memphis, Ark., is to Memphis, Tenn. It is small in comparison and everybody goes to Leo for his better shopping and entertainment. Brazzaville has a few paved streets, a few nice homes, but mostly it is a native village.
There is one thing you do go to Brazzaville for, however, and that’s to buy ivory. It is one of the best places in Africa for ivory carvings. I wanted to get some to ship home, so I collected a friend and we went across the river.
This friend was Capt. Phil Ross (now a major), formerly an independent oil operator in San Antonio, Tex. Buying ivory is one of his hobbies. He knows the values down to a centime, and he has a way of haggling with the natives — a boisterous pretense of being insulted and angry at the prices they ask — that tickles them to death.
When we got off the launch about a hundred black boys came charging down as though we were a citadel and they were storming us. They were all ricksha pullers.
Knowing how this thing works in other countries, I quickly picked out one boy on the theory that he would save me from the rest. But it doesn’t work that way in Brazzaville. The others continued to yell, grab, push and haul at my defenseless person until we were a hundred yards down the road. Real chamber-of-commerce go-getters, those Brazzaville boys.
A Brazzaville ricksha is something new under the sun. It has only one wheel. This wheel is nicely rubberized, and about the size of a motorcycle wheel. It sits in the center right beneath your seat. A framework of shafts extends fore and aft, and it takes two boys to balance and pull the thing.
Brazzaville is full of rickshas, but for some strange reason there are none at all in Leo, ten minutes away.
We went into the heart of the native section and finally pulled up before a mudhouse. An ivory dealer lived there. He got out his supply from a wooden trunk, spread it out on the bare ground of the hallway that ran along the front of his house, and we began bargaining.
The grapevine carried the word rapidly over town, and pretty soon other dealers began to arrive with their ivory tied up in white rags. They would sit and watch the proceedings for a while and then slowly untie their stuff and very gradually enter the bargaining.
They were all Negroes, dressed mostly in loosely flowing white gowns. About a dozen finally came. These were not ivory carvers, but merely traders.
They looked like plain jungle Negroes, yet they were acute businessmen. When the American troops first arrived, ivory prices skyrocketed, but when we were there most of the troops had gone and prices consequently had nose-dived again.
Some of the Negroes spoke a few words of English, and Captain Ross knew a few words of French. Between them we bargained, laughed and haggled there on the ground for three solid hours. We brought back bracelets, Negro busts, solid ivory elephants, beautiful madonnas, knife-and-fork salad sets, dainty pairs of antelopes, turtles, necklaces.
It was more like an auction than a private transaction. I kept books on the thing — whenever Captain Ross would finally strike a deal for something he would lay it aside and I would put down a description of the article and its cost, on the back of an envelope. When we were finally finished we had more than 50 separate pieces and they ran into thousands of francs.I added up the figures. Capt. Ross added them up, and two of the Negroes added them up. I don’t think they could add, but they said the total was correct. Anyhow we paid a lump sum to one man and left it up to them to thresh out the division among themselves.
How they ever got it straightened out I don’t know, for it was a complicated mess, but everybody seemed happy, including us.
Evening star. (Washington, D.C.), 24 June 1943. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress.
https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1943-06-24/ed-1/